If Host1 transfers a file to the server, which layers of the TCP/IP model are utilized?

The correct choice highlights the layers of the TCP/IP model involved in the file transfer process.

When Host1 transfers a file to the server, several layers of the TCP/IP model come into play. The Application layer is responsible for the high-level protocols that facilitate file transfer, such as FTP or HTTP. This layer enables communication between the file transfer application on Host1 and the corresponding application on the server.

Next, the Transport layer ensures reliable data transfer between the two hosts. It manages segmentation of the data and establishes a connection between them, typically using TCP for a reliable connection or UDP for a quicker, connectionless transfer.

Following that, the Internet layer handles the addressing and routing of packets across the network, determining the best path for data to travel from Host1 to the server. This layer primarily uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to route packets.

Finally, the Network Access layer (which may also be referred to as the Link layer) concerns itself with the physical transmission of data over the network infrastructure. This layer includes protocols that operate at the hardware level, such as Ethernet or Wi-Fi, that allow Host1 to physically send the data to the server.

Together, these layers work in tandem to ensure that the file is transferred effectively from Host