What device is used to connect multiple network segments?

The device primarily used to connect multiple network segments is a router. Routers operate at Layer 3 (the network layer) of the OSI model, allowing them to route packets between different networks or subnets. This capability is essential for directing traffic across diverse networks, such as connecting a local area network (LAN) to the internet or different LANs to each other.

Routers determine the best path for data packets to reach their destination, enabling communication between devices on different networks. They also facilitate management functions like network address translation (NAT), firewall protection, and traffic management through routing protocols, making them integral for larger network infrastructures.

While devices like switches, hubs, and bridges also connect devices within a network, they do so in different ways. Switches operate at Layer 2 (the data link layer) and connect devices within the same network by forwarding frames based on MAC addresses. Hubs are basic devices that operate at the physical layer and simply forward incoming signals to all ports without any filtering, making them less efficient. Bridges also operate at Layer 2 and are used to filter traffic and reduce collisions in a network, but they do not possess the routing capabilities that a router has, which are essential for inter-network communication.