What is the function of a router in a network?

A router plays a crucial role in networking by interconnecting different networks. It operates at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and is responsible for determining the best path for data packets to travel between multiple networks. Routers utilize IP addressing to forward data to the appropriate destination, whether it's another local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or the internet at large.

This capability enables devices on one network to communicate with devices on another network, facilitating the transfer and routing of data across diverse and geographically separated networks. The router examines the IP address of the incoming data packets and makes forwarding decisions based on its routing table, ensuring efficient and correct data delivery.

In contrast, other options describe functionalities that are not the primary focus of a router. For instance, connecting devices within the same network is typically a function of switches. Segmenting a network to reduce collision domains is more closely associated with the use of switches and bridges, and providing wireless connectivity is primarily handled by wireless access points or routers equipped with wireless capabilities, but again, this falls outside the core role of a router.